“Fertility test” can refer to various tests and evaluations aimed at assessing fertility in both men and women. Here’s an overview of some common fertility tests:
For Women:
1. Ovulation Tests: These tests, often in the form of urine or saliva tests, help determine if and when a woman is ovulating. They detect the surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) that occurs just before ovulation.
2. Ovarian Reserve Testing: This includes blood tests to measure levels of certain hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), oestradiol, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). These tests provide information about the quantity and quality of a woman’s eggs (ovarian reserve).
3. Hysterosalpingography (HSG): This is an imaging test used to evaluate the condition of a woman’s uterus and fallopian tubes. A dye is injected into the uterus, and X-rays are taken to assess the shape of the uterus and to see if the fallopian tubes are open.
4. Transvaginal Ultrasound: This imaging test allows healthcare providers to examine the ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes for any abnormalities, such as ovarian cysts, fibroids, or structural issues.
5. Endometrial Biopsy: In this procedure, a small sample of tissue from the lining of the uterus (endometrium) is collected and examined under a microscope to assess the hormonal response and the receptivity of the uterine lining.
For Men:
1. Semen Analysis: This test evaluates the quantity, quality, and motility of sperm in a man’s semen. It assesses factors such as sperm count, motility, morphology, and volume.
2. Hormone Testing: Blood tests may be conducted to measure hormone levels, such as testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH), which play key roles in sperm production.
3. Genetic Testing: Genetic tests may be recommended to identify any genetic abnormalities that could affect sperm production or function.
4. Physical Examination: A physical examination may be performed to assess the reproductive organs and look for any signs of anatomical abnormalities or conditions such as varicocele (enlarged veins in the scrotum).
5. Scrotal Ultrasound: This imaging test may be used to examine the testicles and surrounding structures for any abnormalities, such as varicoceles or tumours.
It’s important to consult with healthcare providers specialized in fertility evaluation and treatment to determine which tests may be appropriate based on individual circumstances and medical history. These tests can provide valuable information to help diagnose underlying causes of infertility and guide treatment decisions.